How to Solve Tree of Coprimes Leetcode Problem - Interview Coder Guide
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How to Solve Tree of Coprimes Problem

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Hard#1875
LeetCode Problem

Tree of Coprimes

There is a tree (i.e., a connected, undirected graph that has no cycles) consisting of n nodes numbered from 0 to n - 1 and exactly n - 1 edges. Each node has a value associated with it, and the root ...

ArrayMathTree+2 more

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Problem Breakdown

Understanding the Tree of Coprimes Problem

Let's break down this LeetCode problem and understand what makes it challenging in interview settings.

Problem Statement

There is a tree (i.e., a connected, undirected graph that has no cycles) consisting of n nodes numbered from 0 to n - 1 and exactly n - 1 edges. Each node has a value associated with it, and the root of the tree is node 0. To represent this tree, you are given an integer array nums and a 2D array edges. Each nums[i] represents the ith node's value, and each edges[j] = [uj, vj] represents an edge between nodes uj and vj in the tree. Two values x and y are coprime if gcd(x, y) == 1 where gcd(x, y) is the greatest common divisor of x and y. An ancestor of a node i is any other node on the shortest path from node i to the root. A node is not considered an ancestor of itself. Return an array ans of size n, where ans[i] is the closest ancestor to node i such that nums[i] and nums[ans[i]] are coprime, or -1 if there is no such ancestor.

HardProblem #1875
LeetCode

Tree of Coprimes

Related Topics
ArrayMathTreeDepth-First SearchNumber Theory
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Examples

Example 1
INPUT
nums = [2,3,3,2], edges = [[0,1],[1,2],[1,3]]
OUTPUT
[-1,0,0,1]
EXPLANATION

In the above figure, each node's value is in parentheses. - Node 0 has no coprime ancestors. - Node 1 has only one ancestor, node 0. Their values are coprime (gcd(2,3) == 1). - Node 2 has two ancestors, nodes 1 and 0. Node 1's value is not coprime (gcd(3,3) == 3), but node 0's value is (gcd(2,3) == 1), so node 0 is the closest valid ancestor. - Node 3 has two ancestors, nodes 1 and 0. It is coprime with node 1 (gcd(3,2) == 1), so node 1 is its closest valid ancestor.

Example 2
INPUT
nums = [5,6,10,2,3,6,15], edges = [[0,1],[0,2],[1,3],[1,4],[2,5],[2,6]]
OUTPUT
[-1,0,-1,0,0,0,-1]

Constraints

nums.length == n
1 <= nums[i] <= 50
1 <= n <= 105
edges.length == n - 1
edges[j].length == 2
0 <= uj, vj < n
uj != vj

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